DOPE uses the standard MODELLER energy function, so any of the arguments accepted by model.energy() can also be used here. (Note also that the model's topology must be set up in order to calculate the energy - see the example for model.energy().)
Only the DOPE energy itself is returned by this command (all other components of the MODELLER energy function, such as stereochemical restraints, Lennard-Jones interactions, homology-derived restraints, etc, are ignored) unless you manually set schedule_scale. See model.energy() for more details.
The DOPE model score is designed for selecting the best structure from a collection of models built by MODELLER. (For example, you could build multiple automodel models by setting automodel.ending_model, and select the model that returns the lowest DOPE score.) Currently the score is unnormalized with respect to the protein size and has an arbitrary scale, therefore scores from different proteins cannot be compared directly. A normalization scheme is under development.